filename     : eg98_roth
entry        : inproceedings
pages        : C285-C294
year         : 1998
title        : A Bernstein-Bézier Based Approach to Soft Tissue Simulation
author       : Samuel Hans Martin Roth and Markus Hans Gross and Silvio Turelloand Friedrich Robert Carls
booktitle    : Proceedings of the Eurographics '98 (Lisbon, Portugal, September 2-4, 1998), COMPUTER GRAPHICS Forum, Conference Issue
volume       : 17
number       : 3
editor       : N. Ferreira and M. Göbel
publisher    : Blackwell Publishers
language     : English
month        : September
keywords     : finite element, facial surgery simulation
abstract     :
This paper discusses a Finite Element approach for volumetric soft tissue modeling
in the context of facial surgery simulation. We elaborate on the underlying physics
and address some computational aspects of the finite element discretization.

In contrast to existing approaches speed is not our first concern, but we strive for
the highest possible accuracy of simulation. We therefore propose an extension of linear
elasticity towards incompressibility and nonlinear material behavior, in order to describe
the complex properties of human soft tissue more accurately. Furthermore, we incorporate
higher order interpolation functions using a Bernstein-Bézier formulation, which has various
advantageous properties, such as its integral polynomial form of arbitrary degree, efficient
subdivision schemes, and suitability for geometric modeling and rendering. In addition, the
use of tetrahedral Finite Elements does not put any restriction on the geometry of the
simulated volumes.

Experimental results obtained from a synthetic block of soft tissue and from the Visible
Human Data Set illustrate the performance of the envisioned model.